Wednesday, October 30, 2019
Recruitment of a Star Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1
Recruitment of a Star - Essay Example 27). This allows for loyalty and dependency. He is the best fit or candidate for the job because of the above positive aspects as well as the intelligence he demonstrated during the interview. Letting Peter go was the biggest mistake that Stephen Conner made because he faced the biggest problem of finding the right replacement as soon as possible (Groysberg et al. 1). Time was the significant factor for Stephen since it was that time when the organization was in dire need of an experience, skilled and senior analyst so as to get started with PowerChip Company, their new client (Connor & York, 2011). Other than that, Stephen faced a lot of concerns from the organization’s senior executives regarding his decision of allowing Peter go. As a matter of fact, the senior executives were very disappointed with his decision to make Rina a substitute for Peter because Rina was an assistant to Peter and had joined the organization only three years ago yet they needed a senior and highly qualified analyst (Groysberg et al. 2). The organization needed a senior analyst who is amazingly intelligent and with very superior analytical skills just like Peter (Connor & York, 2011). So a candidate that needed to succeed or supplant Peter must possess the same characteristics or be of the similar cadre so as to fit on the same shoe quite easily. Peter was at all times a hard worker and an achiever and his priorities were resource management, time management as well as competency at work (Groysberg et al. 4). Therefore, to find the best fit or replacement look alike of peter, there must be a new Peter that has the similar skill set as well as attitude. From the list of the four candidates, the best fits are Sonia and Seth because of the following reasons. Sonia is a hard worker and an achiever. Despite the fact that she is working in a boutique, Sonia’s performance following the previous three years has tremendously grown
Monday, October 28, 2019
Book of Acts Essay Example for Free
Book of Acts Essay The Book of Acts The book of Act was written by Saint Luke. The date of the writing is uncertain, but most scholars favor the period 8-90 A. D. Some people think that Acts represents normative guidelines for the New Testament church for all times. In this view I think it is agreeable for the book of acts just shows the ideal church with corresponding beliefs and values. This kind of church should be present to all even up to the present times. This book, in which St. Luke records the actions of the apostles, particularly of St. Peter and St. Paul, (whose companion in travel he was,) is as it were the centre between the Gospel and the Epistles. It contains, after a very brief re-capitulation of the evangelical history, a continuation of the history of Christ, the event of his predictions, and a kind of supplement to what he had before spoken to his disciples, by the Holy Ghost now given unto them. It contains also the seeds, and first stamina of all those things, which are enlarged upon in the epistles. The Gospels treat of Christ the head. The Acts show that the same things befell his body; which is animated by his Spirit, persecuted by the world, defended and exalted by God. In this book is shown the Christian doctrine, and the method of applying it to Jews, heathens, and believers; that is, to those who are to be converted, and those who are converted: the hindrances of it in particular men, in several kinds of men, in different ranks and nations: the propagation of the Gospel, and that grand revolution among both Jews and heathens: the victory thereof, in Spite of all opposition, from all the power, malice, and wisdom of the whole world, spreading from one chamber into temples, houses, streets, markets, fields, inns, prisons, camps, courts, chariots, ships, villages, cities, islands: to Jews, heathens, magistrates, generals, soldiers, eunuchs, captives, slaves, women, children, sailors: to Athens, and at length to Rome. Others view it as only descriptive for the 1st century church. Descriptive in the sense that it only describes the pattern and how the church worked during that period of time. The term Acts is not used, as it is sometimes with us, to denote decrees or laws or having to describe it, but it denotes the doings of the apostles. It is a record of what the apostles did in founding and establishing the Christian church. It is worthy of remark, however, that it contains a record of the doings of Peter and Paul. Peter was commissioned to open the doors of the Christian church to both Jews and Gentiles, and Paul was chosen to bear the gospel especially to the pagan world. As these two apostles were the most prominent and distinguished in founding and organizing the Christian church, it was deemed proper that a special and permanent record should be made of their labors. While some think that it is both a normative guidelines and a description of the church of the 1st century. At the beginning of the book the author states his purpose and that is to explain to Theophilus, and to the world, how Christianity arose and began its sweep across the earth. By this time Christianity appeared to be on the way to becoming a world religion, and some account of its beginning was needed so that it might appeal to cultured and learned people. It talks about the Day of Pentecost, empowered by the Holy Spirit; the apostles take the Good News of Jesus Christ throughout the Mediterranean world. The title is misleading, for Acts is not a record of all the original disciples of Jesus. The book gives the early history of Christianity from Christ’s ascension outside Jerusalem to Paul’s visit in Rome. Chapters 1-12 stress the work of Peter in Judea and nearby lands, mainly among Jews. Chapters 13- 28 tell of the far- ranging missionary preaching of Paul, mainly to gentiles. In my opinion it is a normative guideline for the New Testament church. In the book of Acts, it is shown how the people and the believer should act before God. All antiquity is unanimous in ascribing this book to Luke as its author. It is repeatedly mentioned and quoted by the early Christian writers, and without a dissenting voice is mentioned as the work of Luke. The same thing is clear from the book itself. It professes to have been written by the same person who wrote the Gospel of Luke, Ac 1:1; was addressed to the same person, and bears manifest marks of being from the same pen. It is designed evidently as a continuation of his Gospel, as in this book he has taken up the history at the very time where he left it in the Gospel, Ac 1:1, 2. It also shows that the Holy Spirit is really with His people if they will ask from it, for the Holy Spirit will be their comforter and friend. The church nowadays should be guided by the Holy Spirit for a strong foundation. The gospel should be well delivered and evangelized throughout the world by the believers. They should acts upon what is right just like what Paul and Peter did in the book of Acts where in they weren’t afraid to spread the good news among all people. This book has commonly been regarded as a history of the Christian church, and of course the first ecclesiastical history that was written. But it cannot have been designed as a general history of the church. Many important transactions have been omitted. It gives no account of the church at Jerusalem after the conversion of Paul; it omits his journey into Arabia, Gad 1:17; gives no account of the propagation of the gospel in Egypt, or in Babylon, 1Pe 5:13; of the foundation of the church at Rome; of many of Pauls voyages and shipwrecks, 2Co 11:25; and omits to record the labors of most of the apostles, and confines the narrative chiefly to the transactions of Peter and Paul. References: 1. Book of Acts. New Standard Encyclopedia. Volume 2. Pages 355-356. 2. Youth Bible. Holy Bible Contemporary English Version, Global Edition. Pages 861-871 3. Acts of the Apostles. Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Acts_of_the_Apostles
Saturday, October 26, 2019
Flower Shop :: Starting a Business Essays
Flower Shop   If you are starting a business and need to borrow money, state the amount of loan money you need, how much capital you have, how long you’ll need to pay the loan, the purpose of the loan, the results of the loan, and the collateral you’re putting up.                                    Executive Summary Give a brief, concise overview of your business plan, including the company’s name, location, history, management, products, growth projections, and so on. Give the name, address, phone number, fax number, and e-mail address of a contact person inside your company. Business Information In this section you’ll give an overview of your business. Give your company’s name and location. Describe the building (you can also include a scanned photograph of it). State the nature of the business and what kind of business it is (partnership, private, public, whatever). Give the date the company will be open for business. List the names of the owners and how to contact them (addresses, phone and fax numbers, e-mail addresses). Personal Financial Statement If you are starting a business, briefly explain your current finances. You may need to include the last 3 years’ tax returns and a credit report. Business Description Give a detailed account of your business. List and explain the good characteristics of your business that will help you succeed. ï ¡â€™Ã‚     First characteristic ï ¡â€™Ã‚     Second characteristic ï ¡â€™Ã‚     Third characteristic List the hours your business will be open. Give a brief overview of how you see daily operations running. Explain your accounting processes and quality-control systems. The types of information you give depend on what kind of business you run. Business History Give a history of your business. Who founded it and when? Why? Give the purchase or startup prices and reasons. Explain the market growth or sales trends that made this business possible. Personnel and Organization Overview the organization of your business. Explain how many people work for the company, what their job descriptions are, and their qualifications. You may want to include employee’s resumes. Explain your training and advancement programs. List departments/divisions, and so on, with responsibilities, and numbers of employees. ï ¡â€™Ã‚     First department, responsibilities, # of employees ï ¡â€™Ã‚     Second department, responsibilities, # of employees ï ¡â€™Ã‚     Third department, responsibilities, # of employees Marketing Information In this section you’ll describe the market your business competes in and your strategy for competing. Fill this in completely, as it can help you keep your goals in mind as you proceed with your business. Market Analysis Give concrete information about the market you intend to compete in: current situations, trends, projections.
Thursday, October 24, 2019
PD Ethics
Freedom of speech means that a person or a body have a right to express them without any fear of suppression or penalty. It also means that there will not be any imposition of person's speech. In today's context, â€Å"Speech†is not limited to public speaking and it does include other forms of expression including social media. Australia does not have any explicit constitutional rights related to freedom of speech. However, parliamentarians are protected from criminal action such as fomentation when they express themselves inside the parliament.Background Australia had mix history of freedom of speech. As Australia does not have any explicit law regarding to freedom of speech, there were attempts to move towards liberation's of censorship. The modern history of freedom of speech in Australia dates back to First World War. Hughes government increased censorship during the war. After the war as the government lost the wartime power, they introduced the Customs Act to keep out d estabilize dogmatic works. During 1933-34, this method cached at peak as more than 100 books were banned. Due to threat of communism, Lyons government denied entry to Czech communist writer Eggnog Chicks.During the Minimizes' time, government summoned the editor and publisher of the Bankbooks Observer before the Bar of the House to defend a charge that they had breached parliamentary privilege by publishing an article alleging that a member of parliament was involved in an immigration racket. Both men ended up spending three months in Globulin Jail. During the sass, in Gorton government, Customs & Excise Minister Don Chip removed ban on many novels and Playboy magazine. He also introduced R certificate for adult movies which were earlier banned. Debate on the same is still going on as there are many high profile cases going on.Utilitarianism The essential claim of utilitarianism is that the only reasonable measure of morality is the minimization of the collective happiness of societ y as a whole. From this it follows that all other goods, if any, have only contributory, as opposed to inherent value. From the utilitarian viewpoint, freedom of speech can therefore be a thing only n terms of its instrumental value. We should look at marketplace of ideas theory usually associated with John Stuart Mill from this perspective. As generally implicit, this theory says that freedom of speech should be secured because it increases the realization of truth.Freedom of speech in this view, is thus contributory for capitalize on the amount of truth available to society as a whole. Such a marketplace is particularly unlikely in today's world, in which varied educational disciplines have become so methodological that most people have only a rare idea of what is going on n them. Mill's argument that the marketplace of ideas pointed towards the truth should be understood to worry not truths or reason but metaphysical ideas to which the idea of â€Å"truth†does not apply. Demonology There are two basic types of moral theories: consequentiality theories and deontological theories.Consequentiality moral theories are those which hold that the correctness of a deed is determined exclusively by the grade to which it produces good consequences. Utilitarianism is a consequentiality theory which holds that the utmost deeds are those which create the highest amount of pleasure or happiness for the maximum number of people. It is the ethical theory underlying contemporary cost-benefit and risk-benefit analysis, according to which we are focused to pick the deed with the maximum favorable ratio of cost or risks to benefits.Deontological theories, the most important alternative to consequentiality, hold that the correctness of a deed rest on upon aspects other than the consequences of the deed. These include such things as whether the purposes with which the deed is done ere upright, whether the deed is Just, whether it esteems the rights of those affected by it , whether the deed is steady with the burdens of duty, and whether, whatever its consequences, something in the nature of the deed makes it inherently incorrect.Social contract Character based ACS Legal/ethical balance
Wednesday, October 23, 2019
Aqa Psya3 Interventions for Addiction Notes
Interventions for addiction (Key: – = negative criticism/limitations + = positive criticism/support Biological interventions Methadone for heroin: Heroin addicts are given Methadone, which gives similar effects but is less addictive. Their dose is slowly increased to build up tolerance, then slowly decreased to wean the addict of it until the addict need neither substance. Some people just switch from being heroin addicts to Meth addicts – Statistics show more than 300 methadone related deaths in the UK in 2007 – Methadone consumption is often unsupervised, which has created a black market, where addicts can sell their doses for only ? 2 Potential drug treatments for gambling: not approved in the UK yet, but there is evidence that SSRI’s (selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors which increase serotonin= good mood) or Naltrexone (a dopamine receptor antagonist, which reduces the reward of gambling by reducing dopamine) may be effective. Hollander found tha t gamblers treated with SSRI’s showed improvements compared to a control group – BUT Hollander’s study only had 10 participants; a larger, longer study by Blanco et al (32 gamblers over 6 months) showed SSRI was no more effective than a placebo + Kim and Grant showed that naltrexone led to decrease in gambling thoughts and behaviours after 6 weeks of treatment – Intervention bias of doctors: Cohen and Cohen suggest that clinicians don’t believe addictions are too difficult to treat, because they only come across them when the addiction is too advanced to respond to treatment Psychological interventions:Reinforcement: Sindelar did a study with addicts on methadone therapy (+ counselling). One group was rewarded every time they tested negative for drugs. By the end, the reward group had 60% more negative urine tests than the control (who weren’t offered rewards). + Sindelar showed it to be effective at reducing the addictive behaviour – BUT Reinforcement doesn’t address the underlying problems that caused the addiction in the first place, so as soon as the rewards are removed, addicts may just go back to engaging in the same, or another addictive behaviour again (eg an alcoholic may go back to alcohol, or develop an new addiction for sex). The rewards would have to be paid for by the NHS, which is a public service funded by taxes. The general public wouldn’t want their taxes being spent on giving addicts rewards CBT: CBT helps people change the way they think about their addiction and learn ways of coping effectively. (eg. in gambling addiction, the addict has a cognitive error in believing they can influence the outcome of the game, CBT would correct this wrong thinking by showing them that the belief is irrational) + Effective: Ladoceur et al randomly allocated 66 pathological gamblers to either a CBT group or waiting list.At the end, 86% of the treatment group were no longer classed as pathologica l gamblers, and had increased self-efficacy. + ALSO Sylvian et al looked at treatments that targeted both cognition and behaviour. Pathological gamblers were given cognitive therapy, social skills training and relapse prevention, resulting in improvements which were maintained at a 1yr follow-up. Research has tended to show that no psychological treatment to be superior, but that they are most effective when combined with pharmacological treatments. Public health interventions The NIDA (National Institute on Drug Abuse) Study:US government sponsored interventions such as the NIDA Collaborative Cocaine Treatment (CCT) study are designed to intervene in the cycle of drug-related personal and social problems. + The NIDA intervention led to a reduction in cocaine use, and subsequent reductions in related behaviours (eg. unprotected sex, which led to a reduction in HIV transmission) Telephone smoking ‘Quitline’: Stead et al found that smokers who received repeated Quitline c ounselling telephone calls were 50% more likely to quit than a control who only received brief counselling. Has real-world applications: Military personnel deployed overseas often take up, or increase smoking habits. Beckham et al found that combining Quitline services with nicotine replacement therapy was highly effective in treating US military veterans. Prevention of youth gambling: Messerlian et al proposed a prevention model based on research into teenage pathological gambling using denormalisation, protection, prevention and harm reduction principles. (eg. programme based on prevention would include early identification of ‘at risk’ youths, and attempt to avert them from escalating towards pathological gambling. + Public health intervention in gambling is proactive and addresses a potentially devastating social issue. Research shows that problem gambling as a teen can lead to subsequently adverse outcomes, (eg. strained relationships, criminal behaviour, depressio n and even suicide) so early prevention is essential. (Derevensky and Gupta)
Tuesday, October 22, 2019
Juvenile Delinquency And Religion Essays - Criminology, Free Essays
Juvenile Delinquency And Religion Essays - Criminology, Free Essays Juvenile Delinquency And Religion Over the years, countless efforts have been made to find a comprehensive explanation for delinquency. The results of these efforts have offered possible reasons as being both biological and social. It is still debatable as to what forces have the greatest influence on youth crime, but it is undoubted that several factors clearly make an impact. The direct relationships a child has with concrete social elements, like his family and friends, are likely to give some intimation of his involvement in crime. However, it must be noted that there are more abstract contexts for socialization that also exist as potential explanations for a childs behavior. The most prominent of these less specific forces are the media, community, and religion. It has been argued extensively that these three elements represent a major source of delinquency in the U.S. today. Everyone has at one time or another heard accusations against television, for instance, and how it has such degenerating capabilities in r elation to young minds. Equally common are the various public proclamations about the lack of brotherhood among citizens of this country. These complaints are nothing new to our society; before television was vilified, it was radio, and before radio it was comic books. In short, these problems merely exist as different manifestations of an age-old concern. Another, seemingly less obvious, aspect of this argument deals with the role of religion in society. In paralleling it to delinquency, for all its power and influence, religion is much more perplexing than the media or sense of community. For one, religion exists on many different levels and is extremely difficult to define in a fashion suitable to the debate. In addition, the fact that religion is such a controversial and sensitive subject only complicates the pursuit of characterizing and understanding it. These obstacles notwithstanding, the multifaceted effects of religion on crime have been argued for centuries. They will lik ely continue, as people observe that religion influences the behavior of people, serves as a set of values for society, and correlates with delinquency in several ways. The relationship between crime and religion has been explored for many years, with only a handful of theorists drawing any direct conclusions. Among few others, three of the most influential social philosophers of the past 200 years, Marx, Durkheim, and Weber, have all commented on the importance of religion to this issue. Marx believed that religion existed to give people a false hope for the future and to keep them motivated during the present. In accomplishing this, religion also deterred people from crime by making them concentrate on their social roles, while ignoring the oppression of stratified economic systems. Durkheim asserted that social order could be maintained only if people had common beliefs in something greater than themselves (Jensen and Rojek 309). He saw religion as very interconnected with social values as it contributed to a loss of strong communal bonds between the tenants of Western society. As people begin to believe more in themselves and less in a higher po wer, Durkheim argued, they become less committed to an interdependent society and highly prone to selfish acts of lawlessness. Weber, another distinguished sociologist, attributed social deviance to religious factors as well. He believed that religious institutions were intertwined with other institutions, contributing to both progressive and regressive social development (Jensen and Rojek 309). These three attempted to explain the social importance of religion, while only scratching the surface of its relationship to crime. Although they fail to adequately expand on the subject, the ideas of these influential thinkers represent some basic thoughts on the religious causes of crime, and they have led to successive investigations of religion and delinquency. Surprisingly, facts about crime and religion over the years have been rather indecipherable, as research findings from different studies have frequently produced contradicting results. Studies have shown delinquents being less religious than nondelinquents, religiously similar to nondelinquents, and in some cases more religious than nondelinquents. Even when differences between delinquent and nondelinquent relations to religion have been found, those differences have been only minor and insignificant. In one major study by Hirschi and Stark, it was discovered that high school students held interesting social beliefs relative to their church attendance
Monday, October 21, 2019
Free Essays on Renault & Nissan Joint Venture
Since the 1980's, and even more now in the late nineties, it has become a growing trend for companies, both large and small, domestic and foreign, to form strategic alliances within their particular industries. There are many specific goals that companies may be looking to achieve by dong this, but the main underlying reason is to guarantee the long-term sustained achievement of "fast profitable growth" for their business. They have to keep up with a rapidly increasing diversified global market and increased competition. Renault and Nissan join forces to achieve profitable growth for both companies†¦ On Saturday, March 27th, it was announced that Renault, a French car manufacturer, would be teaming up with Nissan Motor Corporation in a $5.4 billion deal that created the world's fourth largest automaker. This deal gives Renault a 36.8% stake in Nissan, a company that has been struggling financially for the past few years. "The $5.4 billion deal between Renault and Nissan hands over effective control to the French automaker in exchange for badly needed cash" (Wwodruf). There are other agreements within the contract, but they will not be discussed in much detail at this time. Both of these corporations plan on benefiting from the merger. This alliance will resolve Nissans very substantial financial problems. Renault will be given the opportunity to join the automotive big leagues at a time of global expansion in the auto industry (Marks). Market expansion will be possible because Nissan is strong i n Japan, Taiwan, Thailand and North America- markets where Renault has no presence. On the other hand, Renault is one of the top marketers in Europe, while Nissan is just a small player. Nissan is strong in trucks and luxury cars, and Renault is strong in small, mass-market cars. Even though the deal sounds great, it does not come risk-free. Many skeptics believe that the teaming up of two struggling automakers will not result in profitabilit... Free Essays on Renault & Nissan Joint Venture Free Essays on Renault & Nissan Joint Venture Since the 1980's, and even more now in the late nineties, it has become a growing trend for companies, both large and small, domestic and foreign, to form strategic alliances within their particular industries. There are many specific goals that companies may be looking to achieve by dong this, but the main underlying reason is to guarantee the long-term sustained achievement of "fast profitable growth" for their business. They have to keep up with a rapidly increasing diversified global market and increased competition. Renault and Nissan join forces to achieve profitable growth for both companies†¦ On Saturday, March 27th, it was announced that Renault, a French car manufacturer, would be teaming up with Nissan Motor Corporation in a $5.4 billion deal that created the world's fourth largest automaker. This deal gives Renault a 36.8% stake in Nissan, a company that has been struggling financially for the past few years. "The $5.4 billion deal between Renault and Nissan hands over effective control to the French automaker in exchange for badly needed cash" (Wwodruf). There are other agreements within the contract, but they will not be discussed in much detail at this time. Both of these corporations plan on benefiting from the merger. This alliance will resolve Nissans very substantial financial problems. Renault will be given the opportunity to join the automotive big leagues at a time of global expansion in the auto industry (Marks). Market expansion will be possible because Nissan is strong i n Japan, Taiwan, Thailand and North America- markets where Renault has no presence. On the other hand, Renault is one of the top marketers in Europe, while Nissan is just a small player. Nissan is strong in trucks and luxury cars, and Renault is strong in small, mass-market cars. Even though the deal sounds great, it does not come risk-free. Many skeptics believe that the teaming up of two struggling automakers will not result in profitabilit...
Sunday, October 20, 2019
Winners of Essay Writing Contest 2014
Winners of Essay Writing Contest 2014 Essay Writing Contest 2014 is over and we are excited to announce the winners. To be honest, that was a tough choice as we received a lot of inspiring essays from talented people. We are grateful to everyone who accepted the challenge and took part on our contest. Unfortunately, the number of winners is limited. All works were judged by our essay writers by several criteria, such as creativity, ability to get the message across, logical essay structure and correct grammar. So, without further ado, lets congratulate the winners! Ashadeep Kaur (Education and Its Horizon) Carol Scott (Social Media: A Friend Indeed) Rajat Tandon (Studying abroad is a beneficial experience that offers a world of new opportunities) Thank you for your thought-provoking essays, original style, surprising ideas and for sharing your personal experience with us! Remember that true writers are not those who can write, but those who cant but write! So, get inspired and keep on writing!
Saturday, October 19, 2019
Are Kids overmedicated Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Are Kids overmedicated - Essay Example In this paper I will be attempting shade more light on the whole topic of overmedication in kids by answering the questions. There is evidence pointing at the fact that pediatricians are prescribing over ten million antibiotics for unnecessary cases e.g. common flu, asthma and even in some cases headache. The Centers for Disease Control also report that over ten thousand kids are on psychostimulant drugs such as Ritalin. It was estimated that approximately 7.5% of children in the United States in the age ranges of six years to seventeen were using medicines for behavior and emotional problems as at 2011. The number of children on psychostimulants has been rising sharply in the past few years. What this means is that there are many children out here receiving either antibiotics, drugs for behavioral problems or many others in large numbers that can be avoided. It points to an interesting fact; either the psychiatrists or medical doctors are overwhelmed or too busy to take enough time and provide quality service. It could also mean that parents are very busy give their children healthy home environments. Also schools must take a portion of the blame for their busy schedules that limit recess time or completely do not have activities for children to relax. Pharmaceutical companies should be blamed largely for the overmedication being reported in kids due to their marketing campaigns which are mostly driven by profitmaking (Insel, 2014). The consequences of overmedication can be devastating considering the health of these kids who are still growing. Overt and under-treatment are some of the consequences. Due to carelessness or clinicians being to busy, the children are subjected to medication even when conditions can be manage by therapy for instance in the case of psychostimulants. Antibiotic over or misuse may arise especially in situations where diagnosis is very uncertain e.g. in infections of the ears.
Comparative Economic Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words
Comparative Economic Systems - Essay Example In order to deal with the loss experienced by recession, each nation implemented certain monetary and fiscal policies applying distinct frameworks to stabilize their economy. However, the level of growth and recovery has been noticed at an uneven rate in every nation. Hence, it can be assumed that the economic policies applied, might have evidently worked in different principles for each nation. Introduction At present, the US economy is continuing to undergo an average growth and recovery from its recessionary consequences. The recovery started with the growth of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP), but has been decelerated significantly throughout 2011. Several economists referred that to date, the economic recovery of the US is uncertain and disappointing (Byun & Frey, 2012). Furthermore, the GDP rate of the UK is expanding at a modest rate. Confronted with the slow economic growth and recovery, Americans have started to suspend formation of families, acquisition of homes and vehicle s among others. Although four years have passed since the recession, the US economy has not observed the superfluous growth that often triggers retrenchment (Miller & Matthews, 2013). Based on this aspect, the essay describes about the economic problem faced by the US. Furthermore, the essay also explains the policy alternatives of the UK and Germany for attaining economic recovery and growth. Policy Responses for the US Economic Growth and Recovery Monetary Policies In order to boost economic stability within the US, the government has utilized conventional monetary policies by reducing the federal funds to about zero for stimulating the economic activity. Subsequently, the rate of federal funds reduced from 5.25% in 2007 to 0.16% in 2008. Since the unemployment rate increased, the government reacted by implementing numerous policies for soothing the financial market and increasing the availability of credit for people and organizations. For example, the US government boarded large -scale asset purchase program and quantitative easing scheme in order to drive down the mortgage rate. These policies resulted in better channel for liquidity and encouraged better confidence among investors (Byun & Frey, 2012). Fiscal Policies The fiscal policies of the government majorly included functions in two grounds namely spending and tax policy. In order to ensure economic growth and recovery, the US government also sanctioned Economic Stimulus Act in 2008, which was intended to deliver tax discounts to households and quicker depreciation regulations for business. With respect to extraordinary actions, the government also enacted Emergency Economic Stabilization Act in 2008 for improving the aggregate capital position of banks and removing troubled assets from balance sheet. Furthermore, government has also extended the unemployment benefits and temporarily reduced the payroll tax to support its failing economic growth (Elwell, 2013). Economic Growth and Recovery in the US The economic recession that was strategically engrossed by the US economy has alleviated due to the adoption of unparalleled policies. During 2010, the deep and long international recession has bottomed out and economic recovery of the US has proceeded. Apart from the US, in Europe, the UK and Germany has also returned to positive economic growth, however applying a distinct policy framework (Cronin, 2013). After the global economic recession, the US economy returned to a positive growth in the third
Friday, October 18, 2019
History of Taxation in Britain Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words
History of Taxation in Britain - Research Paper Example The twentieth century started with high spending, which was based on war spending. The First and Second World Wars both lead to very large increases in public spending and rather smaller increases in tax. The Korean War is reported to have a discernible effect, but neither the Falklands (1982) nor the Gulf (1991) conflict seems to have had an impact on spending. The need for more revenue during the war led to increases in tax rates, increases in the coverage of existing taxes and the introduction of wholly new taxes. Perhaps the most dramatic change was to income tax. Prior to the war, income tax had never been a mass tax. It was first introduced in 1799 and was permanently in place from 1842, but there were still fewer than 4 million taxpayers in 1938. By the end of the war, the number of taxpaying families had increased to over 12 million, an increase which was sustained into the following decades. The two marked periods of growth in the last quarter of the century, in the early 1980s and the late 1980s / early 1990s; both the period experienced turmoil in the economic activities of the country, which led both to shrinking GDP and to higher cyclical government spending as unemployment increased gradually. ... pretend as, for each UK household the government allocated 14,000 and 15,000, the amount is equivalent to the post-tax income a childless couple would need to be in the middle of the income distribution, or the amount required by the retired UK national. Local taxes have been an important type of revenue for the UK economy, it accounted for one-third of total revenues, however, its importance declined after World War I and II. 'In the early twentieth century, these accounted for up to a third of total revenues, but their importance declined as the taxes required to pay for both World Wars were raised at the national level', (A. Dilnot and C. Emmerson, 'The economic environment', in A. H. Halsey with J. Webb, Twentieth Century British Social Trends, Macmillan, Basingstoke, 2000). Revising the British history of tax returns, local taxes, (chiefly a property tax called 'rates', which had both business and household components) was estimated to be seven percent of GGR. However, after 196 0, the local taxes represented more than 10 percent of GGR, and have remained consistent throughout. However, from 2000 onwards, local taxes have again become much less significant, representing only between 3 and 4 percent of revenues in the last decade of the twentieth century. Â
The 13th Bracey Report on the Condition of Public Education (Phi Delta Essay
The 13th Bracey Report on the Condition of Public Education (Phi Delta Kappan Oct2003, Vol. 85, issue 2, p148164, 17p - Essay Example Therefore, the NAEP's definition will predominate and, given that numerous institutions and organizations have assessed it as "fundamentally flawed," this is hardly a positive development (Bracey, 2003, p. 149). As proof of the problematic nature of flawed and discrepant proficiency definitions, Bracey (2003) points towards the fact that while the assessment tests used in Texas declared over 9 out of 10 eighth grade students proficient at mathematics, the NAEP assessment tests put the number at only 2.4 students out of every 10. The implication here is that the absence of a single, agreed-upon definition for proficiency leads to flawed and inaccurate assessment tests. Matching the problematic nature of the proficiency issue is the NCLB's "requirements for highly qualified teachers" (Bracey, 2003, p. 149). Stating that by 2005-2006 all teachers had to meet the new qualification standards, the NCLB quite effectively called for the impossible. In the first place, the 100% expectation is unrealistic and virtually impossible to fulfill. In the second place, while one of the criterion for qualification is "full state certification," the NCLB does not identify the components of full certification (Bracey, 2003, p. 151).
Thursday, October 17, 2019
Impacts of Entrepreneurship in the Health Sector Essay
Impacts of Entrepreneurship in the Health Sector - Essay Example Creativity in the health care environment has brought about efficiency in management of this sector as new methods have been developed, which have significantly altered the traditional approach as the term entrepreneur or innovation was not used in HealthCare. An entrepreneur in health care will create value in the sector by developing new ideas of how to attend to the operations of the health care setting, which will see to it that efficiency and competitiveness is achieved. Various entrepreneurial spirit ideas such as advancement in equipment and technology used in healthcare has had both negative and positive impacts on the health care sector. Today there are many healthcare providers in the market, and it has become a consumer driven sector. This means that consumer satisfaction is paramount for any health care venture and there needs to be innovation on how best to meet consumer needs. Consumers are rational, and they will choose the provider who best satisfies their needs by co nsidering costs, quality and availability of health care whenever they needs it. For this reason, innovation in this sector is important as an entrepreneur will come up with a unique strategy, which will ensure that they are competitive in the market, and get and retain customers (Exton, 2008). ... The innovative ideas brought forward by entrepreneurs have changed healthcare to make it more efficient and readily available, and an example is websites such as WebMD and Resolution Health, which offers consumers with information on drugs, diseases and prescriptions. Quality information on doctors and hospitals is also provided in these site, and this has increased efficiency in the sector as patients are able to get prescriptions from the comfort of their homes.in the past people had to go visit the doctors at their stations and incase of a serious illness that required immediate attention, survival of the [patient would be undermined. However, today, the entrepreneurial spirit has reduced the distance between patients and physicians as they can be able to communicate over the internet through the various platforms that entrepreneurs in the healthcare sector have developed. Innovation has resulted to the development of equipment used for diagnosis that has resulted to many procedur es, which required a visit to the doctor to be done out of hospital. Another example is the dial a doctor strategy, where, a person in need of medical attention can call the physician and they get advice over the phone at a fee. This has significantly improved services and efficiency in the health care sector, which in turn results to increased profits. Entrepreneurship in the health sector has led to innovations, which are aimed at attracting more patients, and this is the basis of increased profits since more patients will mean more patients, which means more customers and higher profits. Despite the numerous advantages that entrepreneurship has brought to the healthcare sector, it also has negative aspects, which
Taxation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
Taxation - Research Paper Example Many industrialized countries have been developed the system of health insurances while United States lacks this system. Based on this issue it is evident that the size of public sectors varies considerably from different countries. Comparison of the economies in Russia and United States The economic relationship between Russia and the United States ended a long time, and there are no aspects of mutual destruction (CHERNIAVSKII, and VARTAPETOV 18). However, Russians have remains as the major economic powerhouses, and they have played a major role in the world stage. Russia has an improved culture history, and at times, it has been described as the military agency. However, according to Americans, it has remained an undiscovered country with numerous resources. The economic status of Russia has been in a fluctuation state compared to the United States, based on the Bolshevik revolution although it is interesting to note that differences in geographic population and the military role h ave a major contribution on the entire economic population (McConnell et al. 29). Economic ties between Russia and the United States are important since they provide stability to the broad bilateral relationships among the two countries. Stable political relationships have been developed by economic integration. ... It is evident that several measures have been developed, and they are not less important that the US economic relationships with other developing markets. Government spending as a percentage of GDP Over the past couple of years, it has been noted that trade between Russia and US has developed fast, although it is rated to be on a low level. Since the year 200, the export of US to Russia have increased by an estimated of 22% annually while US imports from Russia have increased to 19% annually. On a basic analysis, it is evident that Russia has contributed to 0.7% of the US exports and 1.3% of imports in the year 2008 (Serguey and Batkibekov 47). The trade between Russia and US has been analyzed through inter-industry trade that accounts for the difference between imported and exported goods, and the intra-industry trade that accounts for similar imports and exports. Considering the different industrial structure and resource bequest of Russia and the US, it is evident that the US-Russ ia trade entails of inter-industry trade (CHERNIAVSKII, and VARTAPETOV 28). It has been noted that the large trade items in inter-industry trade has been accredited to 90% of the improvement of US-Russia trade (Papadimitriou 49). Considering the dominant export and import goods from US, it is evident that the most popular goods from US to Russia include nuclear equipment, vehicles and meat products. However, the largest imports to the US from Russia include mineral fuels, aluminum and inorganic chemicals. The US-Russia economic relations on international perspective gauge whether it has declined through comparison to bilateral relations. This is done, because the US has investments with other countries, such as
Wednesday, October 16, 2019
Impacts of Entrepreneurship in the Health Sector Essay
Impacts of Entrepreneurship in the Health Sector - Essay Example Creativity in the health care environment has brought about efficiency in management of this sector as new methods have been developed, which have significantly altered the traditional approach as the term entrepreneur or innovation was not used in HealthCare. An entrepreneur in health care will create value in the sector by developing new ideas of how to attend to the operations of the health care setting, which will see to it that efficiency and competitiveness is achieved. Various entrepreneurial spirit ideas such as advancement in equipment and technology used in healthcare has had both negative and positive impacts on the health care sector. Today there are many healthcare providers in the market, and it has become a consumer driven sector. This means that consumer satisfaction is paramount for any health care venture and there needs to be innovation on how best to meet consumer needs. Consumers are rational, and they will choose the provider who best satisfies their needs by co nsidering costs, quality and availability of health care whenever they needs it. For this reason, innovation in this sector is important as an entrepreneur will come up with a unique strategy, which will ensure that they are competitive in the market, and get and retain customers (Exton, 2008). ... The innovative ideas brought forward by entrepreneurs have changed healthcare to make it more efficient and readily available, and an example is websites such as WebMD and Resolution Health, which offers consumers with information on drugs, diseases and prescriptions. Quality information on doctors and hospitals is also provided in these site, and this has increased efficiency in the sector as patients are able to get prescriptions from the comfort of their homes.in the past people had to go visit the doctors at their stations and incase of a serious illness that required immediate attention, survival of the [patient would be undermined. However, today, the entrepreneurial spirit has reduced the distance between patients and physicians as they can be able to communicate over the internet through the various platforms that entrepreneurs in the healthcare sector have developed. Innovation has resulted to the development of equipment used for diagnosis that has resulted to many procedur es, which required a visit to the doctor to be done out of hospital. Another example is the dial a doctor strategy, where, a person in need of medical attention can call the physician and they get advice over the phone at a fee. This has significantly improved services and efficiency in the health care sector, which in turn results to increased profits. Entrepreneurship in the health sector has led to innovations, which are aimed at attracting more patients, and this is the basis of increased profits since more patients will mean more patients, which means more customers and higher profits. Despite the numerous advantages that entrepreneurship has brought to the healthcare sector, it also has negative aspects, which
Tuesday, October 15, 2019
INVESTMENT APPRAISAL ASSIGNMENT Research Proposal
INVESTMENT APPRAISAL ASSIGNMENT - Research Proposal Example Project appraisal techniques and methods vary in their importance and significance therefore their use is also dependent upon what are the intended objectives of the finance managers while assessing and evaluating projects. It is also important to note that the basic method which is now being widely accepted as more credible mean of project appraisals is based on the time value of money concepts. Since the project appraisal methods include both the TVM and non- TVM based methods therefore it is up to the finance managers to decide what basic philosophy and method they intend to apply. Return on Investment is one of the several methods of making project appraisals. The basic philosophy behind this method is the fact that finance managers take the expected gains from the project with comparison to the total investment cost of the project. The basic formula for calculating Return on Investment is: ROI is preferred method because of its simplicity. It is to calculate and can be handy and a quick mean of having a look at the overall value addition capability of the investment made. The basic criteria to judge the suitability of the project through this method is the fact that if ROI is positive than the proposed project may be undertaken. It is also important to mention that ROI may not be the most sophisticated... The basic criteria to judge the suitability of the project through this method is the fact that if ROI is positive than the proposed project may be undertaken. It is also important to mention that ROI may not be the most sophisticated method as it has its own drawbacks. It is often argued that this figure can be easily manipulated because the accounting income figure can easily be tempered with by using different means of recording costs and profits. By changing the depreciation methods, the accounting income can easily be increased or decreased therefore ROI would also increase or decrease with the changes in accounting income. Further, Return on Investment also do not take into account the time value of money. Payback Period Payback period is another non-TVM based method used for making decisions on project. Payback period is the time taken to recover back the initial investment made into any project. This method is technically considered as simple and easy to calculate. However, despite its use, this method has some serious flaws including following: 1) Cash flows after the payback period are not taken. 2) It does not take into account any element of risk. 3) Payback period cannot be considered as a method which can be used an indicator of wealth maximization for shareholders. 4) As discussed above, this method also does not take into account the time value of money. Net Present Value Net present value is one of the most widely used methods for making project appraisal methods as it is considered as more accurate methods. Net Present value is basically the difference between the present value of the cash outflows and Cash Inflows. If the present value of Cash Inflows is greater than Cash out flows, the project is accepted and if it is negative project is
Monday, October 14, 2019
Caring for populations Essay Example for Free
Caring for populations Essay Introduction A community health nurse must be effective in targeting the population as a whole. The nurse will determine the needs for the community by using the data compiled from a windshield survey. As stated in the text, â€Å"A population focus also involves a scientific approach to community health nursing: an assessment of the community or population is necessary and basic to planning, intervention, and evaluation for the individual, family, aggregate, and population levels†(Nies McEwen, 2011). The purpose of this paper is to establish a priority health problem of the community of Harlingen, based on demographic, epidemiological data and a windshield survey of the area. Community The community assessment for this project is Harlingen, Texas. According to the 2010 United States Census Bureau, its population is about 64,918 of which 47.8% are male and 52.2% are female. The density is approximately 1629.1 residents per square mile. The racial makeup is 1.0% Black or African American, 79.5% Hispanic or Latino, 18.0% White, 1.9% from two or more races, 1.3% Asian, 0.1% Native American. The median household income, 2008-2012 was $34,096 in Harlingen, compared to $51,563 in the state of Texas. The percentage of persons below poverty level from 2008-2012 was 33.2% in Harlingen, compared to 17.4% in Texas. The city of Harlingen is in the center of the Rio Grande Valley. It is a community which has a transient population of â€Å"Winter Texans.†These Winter Texans are generally retirees from the northern states, who come to the warmer climates to escape the winter weather of their home states, usually between November and March. Harlingen has one mall, two medical hospitals and one mental health state facility, two libraries, one community college and numerous schools from primary to high school levels. Demographic and Epidemiological According to the website, County Health Rankings Roadmaps, for Cameron County in 2014, teen pregnancy is measured by the teen birth rate per 1,000 female population, ages 15-19. The number for Cameron county teen births is 80, the number for Texas as a state is 57. There is poor quality of life in relation to health in Cameron County. 30% of the population has poor or fair health, compared to 18% in Texas. Cameron County also has an adult obesity rate of 27%, 21% of physical inactivity while there is 69% of access to exercise opportunities. 16% of the population suffers from excessive drinking and 396 counts of sexually transmitted infections. 36% of the population is uninsured, 86% graduated high school, 10.5% are unemployed and there are a whopping 48% of children in poverty, which has increased from the 2008-2012 numbers. The top causes of mortality in Texas are diseases of the heart, followed by Cancers and Respiratory diseases. Windshield survey During the observation of Harlingen for the Windshield Survey project, overweight residents were visible. The majority of the population is Hispanics, most were slightly overweight and appear relatively healthy. There are nursing homes and assisted living facilities in the community and they are mainly Hispanic and White older adults who are a mix of thin and frail to obese and unhealthy. Women are seen pushing strollers on the jogging trails, while the young children play in the parks. There are groups of teens who play football and basketball in the same area. In the residential areas, some people can be seen outside maintaining their properties, while other properties are dilapidated. The general appearance of the residents are healthy, with some being overweight. I have seen a few multimedia billboards for the local hospital, which is displaying an ad for bariatric surgery, which is appropriate for the current overweight population. Harlingen has some city parks and Boys and Girls clubs and numerous gyms in the area that are heavily utilized. The restaurants in the area are mainly along the expressway and lining the few main streets around town. There is no food sold along the street, but people can be seen sitting in the parks eating meals. In Harlingen, the population is overweight Hispanics and Whites who have access to healthcare and wellness measures, as it is advertised constantly. There is adequate transportation and resources available for the population. Problem As stated before, Cameron County has an adult obesity rate of 27%, 21% of physical inactivity while there is 69% of access to exercise opportunities. While the averages for the state of Texas are 29%, 24% and 74%, respectively. Cameron County also has a limited access to healthy foods, 16% and 21% food insecurity and a mere 17% of children are eligible for free lunch. Since Harlingen and Cameron County have high obesity rates compared to the rest of the state, the Healthy People 2020 objectives applicable for Harlingen include: NWS-11 (Developmental) Prevent inappropriate weight gain in youth and adults and NWS-9 Eliminate very low food security among children. (Healthy People 2020, 2014) While these are two distinct objectives they are connected, much education will be need to be done to ensure change. The community needs to be educated and held accountable for their actions, at times they are unaware of how much damage an unhealthy diet can do. The Community Health Nurse must prepare for these challenges and have a good understanding of how to present information that will gain the interest of the population. A community health nurse must be well versed in the numerous efforts that are starting to prevent childhood obesity. There are new physical education requirements, nutrition standards for beverages and foods sold in school, to community initiatives to expand bike paths and improve recreational facilities (Koplan, Liverman Kraak, 2005). â€Å"Families need to make their homes to more conducive to a healthful diet and daily physical activity (Koplan, Liverman Kraak, 2005). The nurse will need to get out to the community via health fairs, school assemblies, media outlets, etc. to get the message out there. Education on making healthy choices, getting adequate exercise and making small adjustments to their daily lives will help. According to the article, Relative and Absolute Availability of Healthier Food and Beverage Alternatives Across Communities in the United States, there was a study that was conducted on 3 years of data from the Bridging the Gap Community Obesity Measures Project. It stated the mean healthier food and beverage ratio was 0.71, meaning that stores averaged 29% fewer healthier than less healthy products. There were less availability of healthy alternatives in Hispanic communities (2014). Summary The community health nurse needs to be an expert in assessing and diagnosing health concerns in the community to be able to set realistic goals that will maintain the health of the population. Health promotion, education and community involvement are crucial. â€Å"Nutritional education is essential and must include parents, teachers, and the child†(Nies McEwen, 2011). The community should know and understand the food pyramid, how to make healthy choices and the importance of balancing intake and exercise. References County Health Rankings Roadmaps. (n.d.). Retrieved November 20, 2014, from http://www.countyhealthrankings.org/app/texas/2014/rankings/cameron/county/outcomes/overall/snapshot Koplan, J., Liverman, C.T., Kraak, V.I., Institute of Medicine, (.(U.S.). (2005). Preventing Childhood Obesity: Health in the Balance. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. Nies, M. A., McEwen, M. (2011). Community/Public Health Nursing (5th ed.). MO: Elsevier. Nutrition and Weight Status. (n.d.). Retrieved November 20, 2014, from http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/nutrition-and-weight-status/objectives United States Census Bureau. (n.d.). Retrieved November 20, 2014, from http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/48/4832372.html Zenk,S.N., Powell, L.M., Rimkus, L., Isgor,Z., Barker,D.C., Ohri-Vachaspati,P., Chaloupka, F. (2014). Relative and Absolute Availability of Healthier Food and Beverage Alternatives Across Communities in the United States. American Journal Of Public Health , 104(11), 2170-2178. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2014-302113
Sunday, October 13, 2019
Grandpa :: Personal Narrative Profile
Personal Narrative- Grandpa Routinely pushing play on the answering machine, as I do every time I get home, I was about to hear the words that would forever change my life. The sorrow and agony in her voice gave away the horrifying news I had been regretfully waiting. My heart sank as I sat and reflected on what had happened. Since I was a little kid, my grandpa, Howard Scheuster, has always been a role model in my life. He was an intelligent man, loyal Christian, prominent family leader, and hard worker, thus I had many reasons for looking up to him my whole life. My grandpa was a victim of the affects of Lymphoma cancer for thirteen years. Ever since I remember knowing my grandpa, he has had cancer, but I would have never known it. When looking back at my grandpa, I remember an avid fisherman, fanatic cigar collector, Chicago White Sox follower, and jazz lover; but possibly the aspect of him I remember most was his many simple, yet captivating stories about his past. My favorite of these stories had to be the descriptive flashbacks of how he had met my grandma and all the romantic, exciting jazz clubs they had spent there weekend nights at. During the last summer of my grandpa's life, I was fortunate enough to spend more time with him than ever before. Unaware of what the future would bring, I guess I just hoped and thought that my grandpa would be fine and healthy forever. Unfortunately, my grandpa began to slip, and various treatments, such as chemotherapy, tragically failed. My grandpa soon lost his appetite, something I thought my grandpa would never lose, because he was such a food lover. His body frame began to shrink, and his bones began to show. Although in much pain and helplessly attached to his bed, my grandpa was always in good spirits, and always had a joyful smile on his white, bearded face, which is one thing I will never forget about his character. Upon returning from Grand Junction, I proceeded to check the messages. Pushing play, I heard my grandma's voice; the sorrow and agony in her voice gave away the horrifying news I had been regretfully waiting. My heart sank as I sat and reflected on what had happened. My grandpa had passed away, and it would not sink in for many days just how much I would miss him and how much I loved him.
Saturday, October 12, 2019
An Analysis of the Epic Poem, Beowulf - Anglo-Saxon Customs and Values
Anglo-Saxon Customs and Values Reflected in Beowulf      Readers today approach the Anglo-Saxon poem Beowulf with cultural preconceptions very different from those expressed by the author of this poem. This essay hopes to enlighten the modern reader regarding the customs and values from the time of the poem’s composition.   Beowulf makes reference to Ingeld and his wife and the coming Heathobard feud:                                                             in that hot passion his love for peace-weaver,                   his wife, will cool (2065-66)  This is a rare passage, for Anglo-Saxon poetry rarely mentions romantic feelings between spouses. In fact, one’s marital status was even considered insignificant. For example, with the hero himself the poet never mentions whether he is married or not. On the other hand, feelings between men are presented frequently and with surprising intensity. Consider Beowulf’s farewell from Hrothgar and Heorot:  Then the good king,                             of a noble race, great Scylding prince,                           held that best thane round the neck and kissed him; his tears ran down, streaked his great beard.                      Wise in his age, he expected two things,            but one the more strongly, that never again                        would they look on each other as in this brave meeting.                       That man was so dear that he could not withhold                    those deep tears; fixed in his heart                                   by the bonds of thought, a deep-felt longing                               for the beloved man burned in his... ...ld English days.  From the above it’s obvious that abundant evidence amply demonstrates that Beowulf truly reflects an Anglo-Saxon culture which is so much different from anything modern readers are used to.  BIBLIOGRAPHY  Chickering, Howell D.. Beowulf A dual-Language Edition. New York: Anchor Books, 1977.  Cramp, Rosemary. â€Å"Beowulf  and Archaeology.†In TheBeowulf Poet, edited byDonald K. fry. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1968.  Robinson, Fred C.. â€Å"Differences Between Modern and Anglo-Saxon Values.†In Readings on Beowulf, edited by Stephen P. Thompson. San Diego: Greenhaven Press,1998.  Collins, Roger and McClure, Judith, editors. Bede: The Ecclesiastical History of the English People; The Greater Chronicle; Bede’s Letter to Egbert. New York: Oxford University Press, 1969. Â
Friday, October 11, 2019
Elementary Ethnography in the Movies
A not-so-usual moviegoer can create streams of thought inside the movie house, and the experience of being inside that large, dark hollow can be a quite vivid experience more than the plot of the film in the taking. This is the fine point of tangency of the two essays (sic) â€Å"The Magic of Moviegoing†(essay 1) and â€Å"Sit Down and Shut Up or Don’t Sit by Me†(essay 2). Besides this point of tangency, we see more divergence than convergence for the two essays. Basically, the two essays intentionally or unintentionally teach a lesson of simple social research. Employing the method of ethnography, Essay one draws up a conclusion of movie-going having several rituals in the process. This observation is characteristic of functionalist remark where daily human behavior is made up of different rituals, which serve its â€Å"function†or purpose. Meanwhile, essay two utilizes the same observation method, but maintains the objective of watching a movie rather than remaining true to the objective research of the social science in action happening right before the author’s eyes. Ethnography employs participant observation – a process where â€Å"the researcher enters the group or situation that he or she is studying†¦to try to understand the motives and meanings of the group of people they are studying.† (Walsh, 2001: 67) The author of essay one amused himself for his discoveries inside the movie house as a participant observer. He says about the movie going ritual: â€Å"But there's another question, equally interesting, that seldom gets examined or even asked. It's not the What but the How of the matter: How do we watch the movies? How do we behave during this pop rite of going to the picture show?†The same amusement goes with the author of the second essay. He says of putting on the shoes of a famous socio-anthropologist, â€Å"I’ve amused myself with a Margaret Mead-like study of the way people come in and take their seats and their antics during the movie.†Analyzing from the point-of-view of the social research process, Essay one sticks with the object of the study – the group or the audience. Meanwhile, essay two keeps its observation only before the start of the film and shifts attention after the start of the film, thereby losing the consistency and intent of the study.  Thus, a small lesson for the student conducting a social research: be clear with your objective and remain objective with the study. Observations made in Essay one reflects behavior of people as a group or more formally, social psychology. Meaning, people act differently as an individual and as a group. The author realizes this by saying thus, â€Å"(the) convergence of disparate people turns into an audience.†Clearly, this is the reason why he posits that film viewing in the sala set is bland and lacking of the necessary effects to rival the vividness of experience and intensity of film viewing as a social experience. However, the first essay is quick to respond to the need of the second essay for attentiveness and ethics in watching movies. It said that, â€Å"when we are most truly alone, we are most truly an audience.†The author of the second essay would have been happy to know that the author of the former agrees with the point of etiquette inside the movie houses. Albeit implicitly, we are sure that second essay agrees that some sort of collective and social interaction during the movie proper is necessary to make the experience more fulfilling. In the whole, the two essays request the attention of movie buffs and the uninitiated alike. One can be a student of sociology just by doing a thing we like most. A movie house can be a place full of lessons for the social research process. The catch is that one must have a keen eye and good sense of observation to capture life moments and scenes outside of the silver screen. REFERENCES: Atkinson, R. L., Atkinson, R.C., Smith, E., Bem, D., & Nolen-Hoeksma, S. (1953). Hilgard’s Introduction to Psychology, 628-638. Walsh, M. (2001). Research Made Real: A Guide for Students, 66-68. Â
Thursday, October 10, 2019
3 Is the Answer
A Christmas Memory Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. Comprehension The questions below refer to the selection â€Å"A Christmas Memory. †____1. Buddy and his friend keep their money  a. |at Mr. Haha Jones’s house|c. |buried in the pecan orchard| b. |in the local bank’s Christmas club|d. |under a floorboard beneath the bed| ____2. Buddy and his friend give fruitcakes to everyone except  a. |the relatives they live with|c. |people who visit them only once| b. |a bus driver|d. |President Roosevelt| ____3.Which of the following statements best describes Buddy’s friend? a. |Fashion is her passion. |c. |Big cities fascinate her. | b. |She has strong feelings about God. |d. |She spends a lot of time at the movies. | ____4. Buddy compares his friend to a bantam hen because she is  a. |always poking her â€Å"beak†into things|c. |small and sprightly| b. |not very intellige nt|d. |as flighty as a bird| ____5. When it comes to his other relatives, Buddy  a. |barely acknowledges their existence| b. |feels very close to them| c. |is jealous of the attention they pay to his cousin| d. feels that they offer him a lot of support| ____6. Which adjective best applies to Buddy’s friend? a. |unstable|c. |elegant| b. |generous|d. |cruel| ____7. Which of the following items is not an activity that binds the two friends together? a. |Flying kites|c. |Making decorations| b. |Traveling|d. |Drinking whiskey| ____8. Toward the end of the story, Buddy is separated from his friend. Why? a. |He runs away from home. | b. |His friend is sent to the hospital to suffer her last illness. | c. |A letter from President Roosevelt invites Buddy’s friend to the White House. | d. Buddy is sent to military school by his relatives. | ____9. Which sentence tells you that Buddy’s friend has died? a. |â€Å"A morning arrives . . . when she cannot rouse herse lf to exclaim: ‘Oh my, it’s fruitcake weather! ’†| b. |â€Å"The other Buddy died in the 1880s, when she was still a child. †| c. |â€Å"I wrapped her in a Fine Linen sheet and rode her in the buggy down to Simpson’s pasture where she can be with all her Bones. †| d. |â€Å"I’ll wager at the very end a body realizes the Lord has already shown Himself. †| ____10. Which image from the story appeals to the sense of smell? a. â€Å"sweet, oily, ivory meat mounts in the milk-glass bowl. †| b. |â€Å"A straw cartwheel corsaged with velvet roses out-of-doors has faded. . . .†| c. |â€Å"a hateful heap of bitter-odored pennies. †| d. |â€Å"words tumbling together into a wrathful tune. . . .†| Literary Focus The questions below refer to the selection â€Å"A Christmas Memory. †____11. Which custom is a major part of the setting and mood of â€Å"A Christmas Memory†? a. |Kissing under the mistletoe|c. |Making and giving gifts| b. |Listening for Santa Claus’s sleigh|d. |Inviting friends to a Christmas party| ____12. What is the difference between tone and mood? . |They are synonyms; there is no real difference. | b. |Tone expresses how an author feels; mood is how an author makes the reader feel. | c. |Tone appeals to the sense of hearing; mood appeals to the sense of sight. | d. |Mood can be created through setting, but tone cannot. | ____13. How are flapjacks and hominy grits part of the setting of â€Å"A Christmas Memory†? a. |They show the traits and attitudes of the two main characters. | b. |The fact that they are described makes them part of the setting. | c. |They help show the customs of characters in a certain time and place. d. |The images of these foods are so detailed, a reader can almost taste them. | ____14. All of the following places are part of the setting of â€Å"A Christmas Memory†except a(n)  a. |forest|c. |attic | b. |riverside cafe|d. |church| Completion Complete each statement. Vocabulary Development On the line provided, write the word that best completes each sentence. inaugurating|dilapidated|paraphernalia|sacrilegious|carnage| prosaic|disposition|exhilarates|suffuse|noncommittal| 15. The smells of baking and the freshly cut trees ____________________ the old kitchen. 16.Buddy’s friend has a strong faith and never says anything ____________________. 17. Buddy’s friend might be considered ____________________ by some people, but he thinks she is the most special person on earth. 18. The ____________________ baby buggy serves them well. 19. Killing flies to earn money results in a ____________________ of bugs. Short Answer Constructed Response 20. Choose a favorite passage from â€Å"A Christmas Memory. †On a separate sheet of paper, identify its setting, and state what you think the mood of the passage is. Referring to specific images, explain how the setting helps create that mood.A Christmas Memory Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS:DPTS:1OBJ:9. 1. 1 (plot) 2. ANS:APTS:1OBJ:9. 1. 1 (plot) 3. ANS:BPTS:1OBJ:9. 1. 4. 1 (characterization) 4. ANS:CPTS:1OBJ:9. 1. 7. 7 (figurative language) 5. ANS:APTS:1OBJ:9. 1. 4. 2 (character interactions) 6. ANS:BPTS:1OBJ:9. 1. 4. 1 (characterization) 7. ANS:BPTS:1OBJ:9. 1. 4. 2 (character interactions) 8. ANS:DPTS:1OBJ:9. 1. 1 (plot) 9. ANS:APTS:1OBJ:9. 2. 1. 11 (making inferences) 10. ANS:CPTS:1OBJ:9. 1. 7. 8 (imagery) 11. ANS:CPTS:1OBJ:9. 1. 3 (setting and mood/atmosphere) 12. ANS:BPTS:1OBJ:9. 1. 3 (setting and mood/atmosphere) | 9. . 7. 19 (tone) 13. ANS:CPTS:1OBJ:9. 1. 3 (setting and mood/atmosphere) 14. ANS:DPTS:1OBJ:9. 1. 3 (setting and mood/atmosphere) COMPLETION 15. ANS:suffuse PTS:1OBJ:9. 3. 3 (context clues) 16. ANS:sacrilegious PTS:1OBJ:9. 3. 3 (context clues) 17. ANS:prosaic PTS:1OBJ:9. 3. 3 (context clues) 18. ANS:dilapidated PTS:1OBJ:9. 3. 3 (context clues) 19. ANS:carnage PTS:1OBJ:9. 3. 3 (c ontext clues) SHORT ANSWER 20. ANS: Students’ responses will vary. A sample response follows: A favorite passage of mine is the one in which Buddy and his friend shell pecans for their fruitcakes.It’s set in the kitchen on a November morning after the characters have gathered the nuts in the woods. To me the mood is one of finding joy in the midst of a cold, lonely place. Other people don’t seem to be around, but the kitchen is warmed by the fire and filled with the characters’ joy and friendship. There’s a contrast between light and dark in this paragraphâ€â€the rising moon and the fire on one hand, the growing darkness of the night on the otherâ€â€that seems to me to show the delicate balance between happiness and loneliness in the characters.The image of the characters’ reflections in a dark mirror, mingling with the rising moon, sum that up for me. In that dark mirror there’s a hint of another moodâ€â€the bittersweet m ood of the adult Buddy looking nostalgically back at his childhood and a few precious moments, fully aware that as the events of the story seeded the rich emotional life that sustained him as a boy, so those same moments, the empty shells of his memories, now feed the transforming fire that makes him a writer. PTS:1OBJ:9. 1. 3 (setting and mood/atmosphere) | 9. 1. 7. 8 (imagery)
Outline current policies and legislation relating to children and how these affect your practice Essay
First of all what is the difference between â€Å"policy and legislation†. â€Å"A policy is a document that outlines what a government is going to do and what it can achieve for the society as a whole. It also outlines any and all methods and principles that the government or any entity, for that matter, will use to achieve its directive. Legislation is another term meaning statutory law. These laws have been enacted by a legislature or the governing body of a country. Legislation can also mean the process of making the law.†Before being able to take a position held in a school I would have to be DBS Disclosure and Barring Services which are replaced the CRB check**. This is a regulation within the law which will be looking at an individuals criminal history ranging from convictions, cautions down to warnings. In the Protection of Children Act 1999 it states that all adults working with children must be DBS checked. Any person who is found to have their name on this l ist with a criminal offense regarding children will not be allowed to work within this area. I would have to work under the law of the Children Act 2004 which is there to make sure the welfare and health of the child is protected, this also includes the Every Child Matters in which all children deserve and should expect the levels of care and adhere to this. This also includes in this green paper allowing all services to share information on children that they have concerns over, this is to help all the services have a better understanding and have the knowledge of that particular childs risk history so to evaluate what the next appropriate step is to take for this particular child.
Wednesday, October 9, 2019
Gun control is an important part of controlling violence in our Research Paper
Gun control is an important part of controlling violence in our society - Research Paper Example It is important to place a balance between opponents and supporters of stringent gun laws. I neither support nor oppose this debate just like few Americans and the rest of the World. It is a fact that most people are used to gun culture and, I point this to the biased manipulation of the National Riffle Association, and at the same time discouraging that most Americans are placing gun ownership as a top priority. I do not deem someone must own a gun in order to be safe. Most of people who are civilized believe that possessing a gun poses them and their families a great risk. Unfortunately, a criminal is more likely to use your personal gun against you in the event of a squabble with him. People who are intelligent believe that it is even safer to dial 911 than own a gun. It is important to train with your gun regularly, or spend a full day shooting with a qualified instructor. Although this is a time consuming and expensive practice, it is the responsibility of the gun owner to follo w these simple but vital directions. As a student I need adequate security, and have owned guns for many years. The reason as to why I possess guns is to protect myself and family since the police may not respond quickly when called. Guns are important for self-defence given that it may not be possible for the police to arrive quickly if someone raids your premises or attacks you. Although you will blame the police for lack of co-operation, but this is not their problem. I possess a gun as well and really understand the significance of a gun to an individual. I do not believe there is any one who would wish for a world without guns. The world without guns could only be suitable if there could be no violence. Guns protect people from aggressive men who are always striving to do anything they want. This is where a man can commit a serious crime without the intervention of any one. Guards who are not armed are the most people at risk; a few weeks ago a prison guard was stabbed to death by an armed lone prisoner. This is an ultimate proof that gun ownership is very imperative for self defence. Another incident of lack of gun ownership is an attack involving several assailants. I can confidently conclude that a world without guns is not safe to both the rich and poor. It is a reality that owning a gun goes along way with responsibility, but regrettable that most guns kept in the home are most likely used by the owners to threaten family members or to commit suicide instead of self-defence. Gun control is increasingly creating serious attention from the United States of America government and the rest of the world after the appalling mass execution that took place in Connecticut many years ago. I do believe the most important factor to consider when focusing on this particular policy is the magnitude of damage caused by guns and its risks to people. Numerous people have died due to gun violence in the past. Currently the united states of America accounts for approxi mately 8,000 murders with firearms every year .According to the World Health Organization’s Global Burden of Disease, it states about 1,100,000 years of vigorous life is lost every year due to deliberate brutality. The research further states that approximately two thirds of this are equivalent to 650,000 years, which is about 1% of the entire trouble of disease and grievance in the United States. The research also suggests suicide accounts for years of healthy life lost than murder. According to Wiblin,
Tuesday, October 8, 2019
The benefits of training bank officials in Ethiopia Dissertation
The benefits of training bank officials in Ethiopia - Dissertation Example Studies on the banking sector in Ethiopia reveal consistent findings that service expectations of customers do not match perceived performance. Thus, with the aim to recommend a suitable strategy for an effective training program for bank employees in Ethiopia, three objectives were set in Chapter I. All three objectives have been achieved through qualitative secondary analysis of data. Several benefits of training have been identified which include enhancement of knowledge and skills, motivation and retention of employees, open and honest communication and promotion of the interpersonal relationship. Training can improve service quality, spur growth and impact productivity. Shortcomings among bank staff have been identified through studies conducted by other researchers in Ethiopian banks. These include lack of soft skills among employees, lack of product-specific knowledge and skills. The level of education of employees is also not known which could impact the outcome. Based on the short comings and the literature and theories on training, factors that could contribute towards an effective training program on Ethiopia have been evaluated. These include evaluation of training needs which would have to be based on organizational mission and goals. In addition, training should be an ongoing process and should be kept in-house, while continuous monitoring and evaluation of the training interventions have also been found to be necessary. (Donovan, Hannigan & Crowe, 2001).
Sunday, October 6, 2019
Potential output of Georgia(country) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Potential output of Georgia(country) - Essay Example Georgia are agriculture (12.5%), industry (27.9%) and services (59.6%).3 According to Georgia Economic Review (2009) the nominal Gross Domestic Product of Georgia has increased from 8,564 in 2003 to 19,070 in 2008. It means that in the last five years, the total increase in nominal GDP of the country is about 123%. The real GDP growth rate 2008 of Georgia is 2.1% which means that the output level of the country has increased. The global financial crisis 2007-2009 has lowered the GDP of many countries while the output of Georgia even during the crisis has remained positive. The value of nominal GDP shows that major increase in nominal GDP is brought by inflationary pressures and increase in the worth of goods and services; however, real GDP explicitly shows that a small increase in output of the country has been also seen. Georgia is considered as a country rich in energy resources. However, in 2007, the total oil extraction was 55-60 thousand tons which was very low as compared to the annual demand of 750 thousand tons.4 On the other hand in the same year, the annual consumption of electricity in the country was about 8.5 billion kWh while the country production was higher than consumption, thereby making Georgia a net electricity exporter.5 â€Å"It is the only country in the region (which doesn’t have its own gas resource) that was not affected by gas crises in January 2009 (Georgia Economic Overview).†Georgia has huge opportunities in hydro energy because of the construction of 500 kv power transmission line to Turkey, 78 MV Paravani HPP and 38 MW Mtkwari HPP. Surprisingly, although its hydro energy output is so huge however, only 18% of hydro potential has been used. The overall industrial production growth rate of Georgia in 2008 is -1%. The potential output of agriculture sector of the country has started to cover the wreckage caused by civil unrest. In the Georgian agriculture, winemaking is the major area however, since Russia was the major importer of
Saturday, October 5, 2019
The difficulties of complaining Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
The difficulties of complaining - Essay Example It makes people feel special. Excellent patient care is the most important piece to keep hospital rooms full. As an example, â€Å"Mr Tadeus Kowalski was admitted to the ward a year ago for rehabilitation following hip replacement in an elective orthopedic centre. He has had a second hip replacement and there are plans to transfer him to the ward again for rehabilitation, Mr Kowalski and his family said they did not want him to return to the ward. Mr Kowalski has Parkinsons disease and said that, although his medication should have been given three hourly, it was often late. This caused him greater distress and impeded his recovery. In his notes, there are several entries indicating that he, his wife and family have been asked to keep his own medication as his medication has not been given on time. As cure costs more than prevention, to alleviate Mr Kowalski concerns and enable him to accept the rehabilitation, hospital needs to provide special ward and appoint a dedicated nurse for him. There is a requirement for the doctor to visit the patient more informally other than the scheduled official rounds.. He should be provided with labeled medicines and with chart indicating its dosage and time to take it, which will be helpful in absence of attendant. There are several such cases which affect hospital reputation. Many such problems creep up due to communication gap between working staff and patients, unawareness of staff regarding importance of timely medication or their neglecting behavior. Generally older people need more care as well as attention; thus, they should be allotted separate wards with a dedicated attendant to take care of their needs. Official visits by responsible persons should be increased to gather customer feedbacks. Emergency services should be more prompt. All patients, including old people, should be educated for self medication.
Friday, October 4, 2019
John Brown's Raid at Harper's Ferry Research Paper
John Brown's Raid at Harper's Ferry - Research Paper Example Following his execution after the raid on Harpers Ferry, Brown was hailed as a martyr among the opponents of slavery. Moreover, his actions were deemed as one of the causal factors of the American Civil War. John Brown disgust for slavery stemmed back during his childhood. Evidently, he was conceived in Torrington, Connecticut on 9th May 1800 (West Virginia Archives and History). Furthermore, he was brought up with strict religious values in which his father taught him that slavery was against God’s will and sinful. Moreover, after Brown’s family relocated to Ohio, he witnessed the brutality meted against slaves by their masters and became a strong opponent of slavery. To this end, Brown passion of eliminating slavery grew to the point of advocating for violence as an end to slavery. Brown believed that the roots of slavery had grown so deep in society and only violence offered the best solution to its end. Interestingly enough, John Brown gained support from other oppo nents of slavery who had grown frustrated of the peaceful method. His first violent exploits against slavery were established on Kansas which became known as bleeding Kansas. In 1856 of May, Brown is reported to have led his sons in an attack against proponent of slavery at Pottawatomie Creek in Kansas. Consequently, Brown set his objectives his anti slavery war higher by contemplating to start a slavery uprising in the South. To this end, Brown commenced his plans of a raid and capture of a federal armoury at Harpers Ferry in Virginia. To accomplish this, he moved into a farm in nearby Potomac River, Maryland (Lieutenant Green & Major Russell). He was with his sons and loyal followers where they were trained in military tactics. Brown’s option to attack Harpers Ferry was founded on two notions. Foremost, he believed that he would be able to gain access to weapons that would be used in violent revolts against the southern slavery proponents. Second, he aimed to distribute the weapons among the enslaved negroes and eventually succeed in ending slavery. To this end, Brown conducted a night raid on Harpers Ferry on Sunday, October 16. His group was composed of 5 Negroes and 16 whites. Evidently, Brown’s initial raid was successful as they began by slashing off telegraph wires. This was a tactical moved aimed at cutting off communication between the town and the outside world. Moreover, Brown and his men seized the rifle manufacturing plant, arsenal and local armoury. They further proceeded to hold up 60 hostages from the town. A key hostage in the raid was George Washington’s great grand nephew, Colonel Lewis Washington. However, the efforts to isolate the town by cutting of communication were not successful. The apparent blunder was caused by the detention and release of a B&O train passing through the town. Upon the train’s arrival in Baltimore, the federal troops led by Colonel Robert E. Lee, were notified and sent over to Harpers F erry. Meanwhile, the local militia had barricaded the town and blocked any possible escape routes for the raiders. Consequently, John Brown marshalled his small contingent and hostages to tiny engine house next to the armoury. Upon the arrival of the federal forces, they raided the fire engine, overpowered Brown and killed most of his men. To this end, 15 insurgents and 5 citizens were killed, 3 insurgents were wounded while 5 insurgent
Thursday, October 3, 2019
Racial and Ethnic Stereotypes Essay Example for Free
Racial and Ethnic Stereotypes Essay People being indiscriminate based on partial and inexact information by sources as television, cartoons or even comic books This is a description that seems to go against many public standards. The above words are the exact description of stereotypes. Stereotypes as implicit from the description, goes mostly hand in hand with media only not the standard meaning of the blameless media we know. Media propaganda is the other form of media that is somewhat described as media treatment. In this paper, the subsequent will be discussed: first, how stereotypes of ethnic groups operate in propaganda, why does it function so satisfactorily, and finally, the consequences of these stereotypes on the life of Egyptians in particular in society. A fair inspection will be conducted on this example of stereotypes through clarification examples and research consequences from researches conducted from reliable sources. The real association between Egyptians’ stereotypes and propaganda discussed in this paper shall magnify the suggestion of stereotypes and propaganda in common. It seems essential for this paper to start with some clarification of the circumstances related with propaganda. Propaganda can be thought of as a foster parent for stereotypes. Propaganda is recognized to be the planned manipulation of public opinion through concealed messages in advertisements and other media functions. Thus, propaganda uses numerous techniques to be able to consign theses hidden messages to the public and influence their view. Fear, brainwashing, name calling, glittering generality, misinformation and much more are some of the ways that propaganda uses to persuade and manipulate the opinions of the masses. Propaganda finds the usefulness of stereotypes in the fact that it’s easy, quick and direct to the public. In the case of stereotypes about ethnic groups, Egyptians in this case are being portrayed as uneducated, unethical, ignorant, desert animal raisers, terrorists and uncultured ethnic group. These name calling and misinformation techniques are what propagandists use to contrive the society to portray Egyptians as humans of the underworld and Egypt as a deserted country that hunger and ill health are its residents. The preceding are all stereotypes that are propagandas of the media to convince such generality into truth and facts. Racial stereotypes particularly function usually through propaganda of the media, due to the improbability of every man travelling to every country, with the technique of ‘misinformation’ through movies, shows, and news reports. Egyptians have been stereotyped as desert residents for many years regardless of the reality and actual state of Egypt as a country. For instance, the stereotypes pointing that Egyptians are mostly uneducated due to their ignorance of the importance of education is proven false by studies of trustworthy sources. Among those studies, the one conducted by the American university in Cairo, Egypt. Al-Ahram weekly, a credible newspaper known all across the Arab world, has posted in its October issue of 1998 the following: â€Å"According to Sahar El-Tawila, the essential researcher on the team, interviews conducted with girls and boys nationwide demonstrate convincingly that work and marriage were rarely stated by boys and girls respectively as reasons for departing school†¦ These may be options for those who have already left school, but they are not the impetus behind their decision to leave†(Al-Ahram 1998). Therefore, according to an American research, Egyptians are not uneducated conceited nation. After all, there is at least an American University known worldwide built in Cairo where many Egyptians have gotten their Bachelors, Masters and PhD’s from. Still, the media has successfully manipulated the public opinion to reason Egyptians as desert wonderers. Now that the first concern, of how such Egyptian-bashing stereotypes work in propaganda, has been discussed, an interesting question then must be asked: how did it come about so successfully for the public of North America to view Egyptians in such state of mind? Media being a powerful information source to the majority of North Americans, and sometimes the only source of information about specific ethnic groups, has the ability to convince the public viewpoints and opinions. Of course with stereotypes powered by propaganda in movies is very thriving in view of that American films are the most favored and appreciated media function. Openly, in one of the movie reviews now on a review website about the movie â€Å"The Mummy†which takes place in Egypt from start to end, the subsequent sentence was stated: â€Å"The Mummy is a lot of fun. So the story is unsophisticated and the characters are all stereotypes (particularly the Egyptians, who are either noble desert warriors or smelly illiterate pig-things). Who cares? The special effects are truly spectacular. †(Jennifer Mellerick, 1999). Easily, stereotypes are even expected by who understands them and the media propaganda generates more and more. To attest that such depiction is a stereotype and not fact, the website ‘Egypt WWW Index’ has a list of all universities in Egypt (an estimated thirty educational institutions in total), many links to political and governmental committees and services, business, commercial, and entertainment facilities, as well as links to political women figures in the Egyptian society. More than the average North American could even imagine of Egypt , and it is all owed to the media propaganda that produced this image of Egyptians. People being indiscriminate based on partial and inexact information by sources as television, cartoons or even comic books This is a description that seems to go against many public standards. The above words are the exact description of stereotypes. Stereotypes as implicit from the description, goes mostly hand in hand with media only not the standard meaning of the blameless media we know. Media propaganda is the other form of media that is somewhat described as media treatment. In this paper, the subsequent will be discussed: first, how stereotypes of ethnic groups operate in propaganda, why does it function so satisfactorily, and finally, the consequences of these stereotypes on the life of Egyptians in particular in society. A fair inspection will be conducted on this example of stereotypes through clarification examples and research consequences from researches conducted from reliable sources. The real association between Egyptians’ stereotypes and propaganda discussed in this paper shall magnify the suggestion of stereotypes and propaganda in common. It seems essential for this paper to start with some clarification of the circumstances related with propaganda. Propaganda can be thought of as a foster parent for stereotypes. Propaganda is recognized to be the planned manipulation of public opinion through concealed messages in advertisements and other media functions. Thus, propaganda uses numerous techniques to be able to consign theses hidden messages to the public and influence their view. Fear, brainwashing, name calling, glittering generality, misinformation and much more are some of the ways that propaganda uses to persuade and manipulate the opinions of the masses. Propaganda finds the usefulness of stereotypes in the fact that it’s easy, quick and direct to the public. In the case of stereotypes about ethnic groups, Egyptians in this case are being portrayed as uneducated, unethical, ignorant, desert animal raisers, terrorists and uncultured ethnic group. These name calling and misinformation techniques are what propagandists use to contrive the society to portray Egyptians as humans of the underworld and Egypt as a deserted country that hunger and ill health are its residents. The preceding are all stereotypes that are propagandas of the media to convince such generality into truth and facts. Racial stereotypes particularly function usually through propaganda of the media, due to the improbability of every man travelling to every country, with the technique of ‘misinformation’ through movies, shows, and news reports. Egyptians have been stereotyped as desert residents for many years regardless of the reality and actual state of Egypt as a country. For instance, the stereotypes pointing that Egyptians are mostly uneducated due to their ignorance of the importance of education is proven false by studies of trustworthy sources. Among those studies, the one conducted by the American university in Cairo, Egypt. Al-Ahram weekly, a credible newspaper known all across the Arab world, has posted in its October issue of 1998 the following: â€Å"According to Sahar El-Tawila, the essential researcher on the team, interviews conducted with girls and boys nationwide demonstrate convincingly that work and marriage were rarely stated by boys and girls respectively as reasons for departing school†¦ These may be options for those who have already left school, but they are not the impetus behind their decision to leave†(Al-Ahram 1998). Therefore, according to an American research, Egyptians are not uneducated conceited nation. After all, there is at least an American University known worldwide built in Cairo where many Egyptians have gotten their Bachelors, Masters and PhD’s from. Still, the media has successfully manipulated the public opinion to reason Egyptians as desert wonderers. Now that the first concern, of how such Egyptian-bashing stereotypes work in propaganda, has been discussed, an interesting question then must be asked: how did it come about so successfully for the public of North America to view Egyptians in such state of mind? Media being a powerful information source to the majority of North Americans, and sometimes the only source of information about specific ethnic groups, has the ability to convince the public viewpoints and opinions. Of course with stereotypes powered by propaganda in movies is very thriving in view of that American films are the most favored and appreciated media function. Openly, in one of the movie reviews now on a review website about the movie â€Å"The Mummy†which takes place in Egypt from start to end, the subsequent sentence was stated: â€Å"The Mummy is a lot of fun. So the story is unsophisticated and the characters are all stereotypes (particularly the Egyptians, who are either noble desert warriors or smelly illiterate pig-things). Who cares? The special effects are truly spectacular. †(Jennifer Mellerick, 1999). Easily, stereotypes are even expected by who understands them and the media propaganda generates more and more. To attest that such depiction is a stereotype and not fact, the website ‘Egypt WWW Index’ has a list of all universities in Egypt (an estimated thirty educational institutions in total), many links to political and governmental committees and services, business, commercial, and entertainment facilities, as well as links to political women figures in the Egyptian society. More than the average North American could even imagine of Egypt , and it is all owed to the media propaganda that produced this image of Egyptians. Racial and Ethnic Stereotypes Furthermore, Egyptians are stereotyped to be uninformed owing to the reality that they are thought of as technology uneducated. In a website found throughout the study on this topic, a person of an Indian ethnicity by the given name of Shani Rifati has set up a website, which he calls â€Å"Please Call Me Rom†. To right the depiction of his race to North Americans, Shani said: â€Å"I am not a Gypsy. The term Gypsy comes from peoples ignorance, when we were wrong for Egyptians†(Rifati). Remarkable huh! Here is an example of a person that is defending his own nationality from stereotypes, yet uses stereotypes. What is even more interesting than that is the reality that the Egyptian history has been known to be the supreme civilization of all times, yet such culture is simply bashed by supercilious that all Egyptians are just ignorant Gypsies. â€Å" African American and Latino children who are aware of broadly held stereotypes about academic aptitude perform more disappointingly on a cognitive task when that task is described as a measure of capability than when the same task is described as a problem-solving duty. †(Carol Hyman 2003). Therefore racial or ethnic stereotypes that work in media propaganda or rather called media manipulation, has not only had influences on adults, but also is passed over with the youth of tomorrow. It is easy to give out information with no truthful back up, but the public inclination is what can moreover stop media propaganda from disturbing the public opinion or simply energize such unsafe aspect of the media, stereotypes. Furthermore, Egyptians are stereotyped to be uninformed owing to the reality that they are thought of as technology uneducated. In a website found throughout the study on this topic, a person of an Indian ethnicity by the given name of Shani Rifati has set up a website, which he calls â€Å"Please Call Me Rom†. To right the depiction of his race to North Americans, Shani said: â€Å"I am not a Gypsy. The term Gypsy comes from peoples ignorance, when we were wrong for Egyptians†(Rifati). Remarkable huh! Here is an example of a person that is defending his own nationality from stereotypes, yet uses stereotypes. What is even more interesting than that is the reality that the Egyptian history has been known to be the supreme civilization of all times, yet such culture is simply bashed by supercilious that all Egyptians are just ignorant Gypsies. â€Å" African American and Latino children who are aware of broadly held stereotypes about academic aptitude perform more disappointingly on a cognitive task when that task is described as a measure of capability than when the same task is described as a problem-solving duty. †(Carol Hyman 2003). Therefore racial or ethnic stereotypes that work in media propaganda or rather called media manipulation, has not only had influences on adults, but also is passed over with the youth of tomorrow. It is easy to give out information with no truthful back up, but the public inclination is what can moreover stop media propaganda from disturbing the public opinion or simply energize such unsafe aspect of the media, stereotypes.
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